A cikin yanayin osteochondrosis na thoracic, gabobin da ke hade da wuraren da ke cikin kashin baya, wanda ke a matakin yankin da ya shafa da kuma ƙasa, sau da yawa suna shan wahala. Rashin cin zarafi na al'ada na kashin baya yana haifar da rashin motsi na makamai, ƙafafu da gabobin jiki gaba ɗaya, rashin aiki na gabobin pelvic, tsokoki na numfashi da gabobin ciki.
Osteochondrosis wani cuta ne na degenerative-dystrophic na kashin baya, wanda ya dogara ne akan canji a cikin fayafai na intervertebral tare da shiga cikin tsarin pathological na maƙwabtan kashin baya da haɗin gwiwar intervertebral tare da dukan na'urorin ligamentous.
Siffofin jikin mutum na kashin baya
Motsi da kwanciyar hankali, elasticity da elasticity na kashin baya sun fi dogara ne akan fayafai na intervertebral, wanda shine ɗayan nau'in haɗin gwiwa na cartilaginous tsakanin kasusuwa da kuma samar da haɗin gwiwa mai karfi tsakanin jikin maƙwabcin maƙwabta. Jimlar tsawon fayafai na intervertebral shine kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na tsawon ginshiƙin kashin baya.
Mafi mahimmancin aikin fayafai shine don rage nauyin tsaye akan kashin baya. Disk ɗin ya ƙunshi sassa uku:
- faranti na hyaline (daure kusa da kashin baya);
- tsakiya pulposus (cika rata tsakanin faranti);
- zoben fibrous (yana kewaye da tsakiya daga waje).
Nucleus yana ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin guringuntsi, filayen collagen da aka haɗa tare da chondrin (proteoglycans). Fushin gaba na fayafai yana lulluɓe da ligament na baya na tsaye, wanda aka haɗa shi da kashin baya kuma yana jujjuyawa a kan fayafai. Jigon tsayi na baya yana da ƙarfi tare da saman diski kuma yana samar da bangon gaba na canal na kashin baya. Fayilolin intervertebral ba shi da nasa wadatar jini, don haka yana ciyar da abubuwan da ke zuwa ta hanyar yaduwa daga jikin kashin baya.
Rarraba nau'i na tsaye a cikin kashin baya yana faruwa ne saboda abubuwan da ke tattare da fayafai. A sakamakon matsa lamba, tsakiya pulposus yana faɗaɗa, kuma an sake rarraba matsa lamba zuwa annulus fibrosus da faranti na hyaline. A lokacin motsi, ainihin yana motsawa ta gaba: lokacin da aka lanƙwasa - zuwa ga maɗaukaki, lokacin da ba a kwance - a gaba. Lokacin da kashin baya ya motsa, tsokoki, ligaments da fayafai suna cikin aikin. Sabili da haka, cin zarafi a cikin hanyar haɗin kai ɗaya yana haifar da cin zarafi a cikin dukan sarkar motsi.
Dalilai da tsarin ci gaban cutar
A cikin ci gaban osteochondrosis, ana taka rawa ta musamman ta hanyar injina akan kashin baya. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar marasa kyau a tsaye da kuma nauyi lodi, tsakiya pulposus sannu a hankali ya rasa na roba kaddarorin (sakamakon depolymerization na polysaccharides), Forms protrusions da sequesters.
Tsarin lalacewa na diski yana rinjayar tsarin kwayoyin halitta, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban canje-canje a cikin kayan aikin neuromuscular na baya, canji a cikin tsarin glycosamines, da kuma cin zarafi na rarraba ƙwayoyin collagen a cikin diski. Halin kwayoyin halitta yana da mahimmanci a cikin abin da ya faru na osteochondrosis na thoracic, wanda ya shafi ƙara yawan aikin aiki.
Abubuwan haɗari don haɓakar sauye-sauye na lalacewa a cikin kashin baya sun haɗa da siffofi na jiki na fayafai, waɗanda suke da lahani a cikin juyin halitta. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan fasalulluka shine fasalin sinadirai na tsarin. A cikin jikin mutum, diski ya ƙunshi nama mara kyau. Rufewar jini yana faruwa a cikin yara. Bayan abinci mai gina jiki yana faruwa saboda yaduwar abubuwa ta cikin faranti na ƙarshe.
Mai kara kuzari na shigar da kayan abinci mai gina jiki nauyi ne da aka yi da shi wanda ya kebe matsayi na tsaye da babban damuwa. Rashin aikin jiki yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan haɗari ga osteochondrosis na thoracic. Saboda haka, motsa jiki na yau da kullum shine muhimmin ma'auni na rigakafi.
Mahimmancin tsarin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta - ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta - yana rage girman ƙarfin farfadowa da kuma adadin dawo da sassan diski. Siffar anatomical ita ce rauni da rashin ƙarfi na fayafai a cikin sassan baya. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar fayafai masu siffar wedge a cikin ƙananan thoracic da lumbar yankuna.
Babban mahimmanci a cikin ci gaban osteochondrosis an ba da shi ga canje-canje masu haɗaka. Canje-canje masu lalacewa na rayayye sun fara karuwa bayan shekaru 30. Haɗin abubuwan da ake buƙata don faifai (glycosaminoglycans) yana ci gaba, amma ingancin su yana raguwa. Hydrophilicity yana raguwa, fibrousness yana ƙaruwa, sclerosis ya bayyana.
Matakan degeneration na intervertebral fayafai:
- Tsawaita tsarin asymptomatic, canje-canje na lalacewa a cikin abubuwan intradiscal, ƙaurawar tsakiya a cikin faifai;
- bayyana radicular bayyanar cututtuka na thoracic osteochondrosis, matsawa na kashin baya, protrusion na tsakiya pulposus (protrusion, 1 digiri);
- fashewar diski tare da haɓakar hernial (hernia, digiri na 2);
- Canje-canje na degenerative a cikin abubuwan da suka shafi extradiscal (aji 3).
Ƙwararren ƙwayar cuta yana matsawa tushen jijiya, tasoshin jini ko kashin baya a matakai daban-daban (cervical, thoracic, lumbar), wanda ke ƙayyade hoton asibiti.
Ƙuntatawa na motsi a cikin kashin baya na thoracic, wanda shine saboda kasancewar kirji, yana taimakawa ga mafi ƙarancin rauni na fayafai na intervertebral, sabili da haka osteochondrosis. Physiological thoracic kyphosis yana ba da gudummawa ga sake rarraba nauyin nauyin rabi na sama na jiki zuwa sassan gefe da na gaba na vertebrae. Sabili da haka, an kafa hernias intervertebral da osteophytes a kan gaba da na gefe na kashin baya. Osteophytes na baya da hernias ba su da yawa.
Osteochondrosis yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙunshewar ɓangarorin intervertebral da matsawa daga tushen kashin baya da zaruruwan tausayi. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu tausayi sun samo asali ne a cikin launin toka na kashin baya, sa'an nan kuma suka taru a cikin nodes, daga abin da ake aika su zuwa ga dukkan gabobin ciki. Wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa osteochondrosis na thoracic, ban da cututtuka na al'ada, yana haifar da rashin aiki na gabobin ciki (kayan lambu, vasomotor, trophic) da kuma kwaikwayon cututtuka na somatic. Wannan sifa na osteochondrosis na fayafai na thoracic yana bayyana wahalhalu wajen tantancewa da kuma rubuta madaidaicin magani.
Alamun thoracic osteochondrosis
Thoracic osteochondrosis ya fi kama da mutane masu salon rayuwa. A lokaci guda kuma, babu wani sakamako mai motsa rai na abubuwan da aka ɗauka akan kashin baya, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga rushewar dawo da diski. Cututtuka suna tasowa a cikin mutanen da suke aiki a kwamfuta na dogon lokaci, sun tsaya, da dai sauransu. Irin waɗannan mutane suna buƙatar yin motsa jiki na warkewa da kansa.
Mafi sau da yawa, osteochondrosis na kirji yana bayyana ta hanyar raɗaɗin raɗaɗi, ƙasa da sau da yawa zafi da ƙonewa. Ciwon yana cikin yanki tsakanin kafada. Mai haƙuri yana damuwa da jin damuwa na kirji. Lokacin jin matakai na spinous na thoracic vertebrae, an gano ciwo na gida, wanda ya karu tare da nauyin axial a kan kashin baya, zurfin wahayi da juya jiki.
Yawancin marasa lafiya suna da raɗaɗi mai kaifi a cikin scapula da ƙananan ƙirji (cututtukan costal na baya). Wannan bayyanar cututtuka yana tasowa ne sakamakon maye gurbin ƙananan haƙarƙari. Ciwon yana ƙaruwa sosai lokacin juya gawar. Mafi sau da yawa, ciwon zafi yana ɓacewa ba zato ba tsammani.
Sau da yawa zafi a cikin kirji ya zama abin ɗamara, ya dace da yanayin jijiyar intercostal. Hankali a cikin yankin innervation na madaidaicin jijiyoyi yana damuwa, paresthesias ya bayyana, kuma sau da yawa ana raguwa a hankali da zurfi. Yiwuwar cin zarafi na aikin latsa na ciki, canji a cikin gwiwa da tsokar tsokar tsoka.
Cin zarafin ayyukan gabobin ciki yana faruwa lokacin da aka matsa kowane tushen jijiya a matakin daga 1 zuwa 12 ƙirji. A cikin yankin thoracic akwai tsarin da ke da alhakin shigar da huhu, zuciya, hanji, hanta, pancreas, da kodan. Saboda haka, babu alamun da ke da alaƙa kawai don osteochondrosis na thoracic.
Ana bayyana cutar ta alamun alamun wata cuta:
- wahalar numfashi;
- zafin dare mai tsanani;
- "zuciya", ciwon angina;
- ciwon kai a cikin mammary gland;
- zafi a dama ko hagu hypochondrium (alamomin cholecystitis da pancreatitis);
- zafi a cikin makogwaro da esophagus;
- zafi a cikin epigastrium, ciki (alamomin gastritis, enteritis da colitis);
- rashin aikin jima'i.
Bincike
Mafi girman darajar a cikin ganewar asali na thoracic osteochondrosis yana da gwajin X-ray na kirji. Hoton yana nuna raguwa a tsayin diski na intervertebral, sclerosis na faranti na ƙarshe, samuwar osteophytes.
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta ba ka damar bayyana yanayin kashin baya, haɗin gwiwa na ginshiƙan kashin baya, girman ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ƙayyade wuri na protrusion hernial da girmansa.
Lokacin gudanar da ganewar asali, ya zama dole a hankali tattara anamnesis kuma kwatanta duk alamun asibiti na thoracic osteochondrosis tare da alamun wasu cututtuka. Misali: jin zafi a cikin zuciya tare da osteochondrosis ba a dakatar da nitroglycerin ba, ciwon epigastric ba a haɗa shi da cin abinci ba, ba yanayi bane, duk alamun suna bayyana musamman da yamma kuma gaba ɗaya suna ɓacewa bayan hutun dare.
Yadda za a bi da thoracic osteochondrosis?
Jiyya na osteochondrosis na thoracic kashin baya a kusan dukkanin lokuta yana da ra'ayin mazan jiya. Alamar jiyya shine fifikon cututtukan visceral tare da cututtukan jijiyoyin jini. Babban magani na orthopedic ya kamata ya zama isasshiyar guguwar kashin baya:
- m a tsaye gogayya karkashin ruwa;
- m a kwance gogayya a cikin wani karkata gado ta yin amfani da Glisson madauki idan akwai lalacewa a matakin 1-4 thoracic vertebrae, ta axillary madauri idan akwai lalacewa a matakin 4-12 thoracic vertebrae.
Maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi yin shinge na paravertebral tare da maganin novocaine. Tare da haɓakar cutar, ana amfani da analgesics da masu kwantar da hankali. Tare da ciwo mai zafi wanda ba a bayyana ba, ya halatta a yi amfani da man shafawa tare da analgesics da magungunan kumburi a gida.
Bayan kawar da abubuwan da ke faruwa, ana amfani da tausa na tsokoki na baya da ƙananan ƙafa. Ana nuna magungunan hannu don digiri 1-3 na osteochondrosis a cikin yanayin ci gaban blockades na aiki. Ya haɗa da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don tasiri mai laushi da m akan tsokoki na baya.
Harkokin motsa jiki yana ba ku damar ɗaukar duk sassan kashin baya a cikin nau'i mai mahimmanci, wanda ke motsa hanyoyin dawowa. Wani muhimmin yanayin don motsa jiki na motsa jiki don osteochondrosis shine cire kayan aiki na tsaye.
Physiotherapy: UHF magani, duban dan tayi, inductothermy, radon da Pine-coniferous gishiri wanka. A mataki na wurin shakatawa, ana amfani da motsin ruwa na karkashin ruwa da hydromassage.
Ba a cika yin amfani da maganin fiɗa ba. Alamar shiga tsakani ita ce matsewar kashin baya ta guntuwar faya-fayen fayafai.